Snapshot of Energy Efficiency Obligations schemes in Europe: main characteristics and main questions

Since 2011, the White Certificates Club organizes workshops to promote exchanges among, and with, the practitioners of Energy efficiency Obligations. After the fuel poverty issue in 2011 and the administrative burden in 2013, 2015 had to deal with the impact of article 7 of the Energy Efficiency Directive. There are now 16 countries in Europe that have implemented or are planning to establish Energy Efficiency Obligation (EEO) schemes: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, United Kingdom. An Energy Efficiency Obligation scheme is known by practitioners to be complex, with sixteen schemes at minimum, the WCC felt the need for an overview of the main characteristics of the different schemes. Furthermore, as it is, their maturities are very different. Some information are very 'volatile' and could only be captured through interviews. Therefore this document is structured with a fact sheet and a one-page interview for each country. For two countries (Lithuania and Spain), the interview was not possible due to on-going discussions or upcoming elections at the national level. The presentations (slides) given at the Workshop Meeting are attached at the end of the document.