Fabrication of carbonyl-functional hypercrosslinked polymers as solid-phase extraction sorbent for enrichment of chlorophenols from water, honey and beverage samples

Three carbonyl-functional novel hypercrosslinked polymers (HCP-TPS, HCP-TPA, and HCP-TPP) were successfully fabricated through an one-step Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction by copolymerizing paraphthaloyl chloride with triphenylsilane, triphenylamine, and triphenylphosphine, respectively. The resultant HCPs contained plenty of carbonyl-functional groups. Among the series of such HCPs, HCP-TPS displayed the best adsorption capability to chlorophenols (CPs), and thus it was employed as solid-phase extraction (SPE) adsorbent for enrichment of chlorophenols from water, honey, and white peach beverage prior to determination by high-performance liquid chromatography. Under the optimal conditions, the detection limits of the method (S/N = 3) were 0.15–0.3 ng mL⁻¹ for tap water and leak water, 2.5–6.0 ng g⁻¹ for honey sample and 0.4–0.6 ng mL⁻¹ for white peach beverage sample. The recoveries of CPs in the spiked water, honey samples, and white peach beverage were in the range of 89.0–108.4%, 81.4–118.2%, and 85.0–113.5%, respectively. This work provides a new strategy for constructing functionalized HCPs as efficient SPE adsorbents.

Graphical abstract

In this work, three novel hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs) were synthesized by the Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction (paraphthaloyl chloride as the alkylating agent, triphenylsilane, triphenylamine, and triphenylphosphine as the aromatic units). Then, HCP-TPS was applied to soild-phase extraction sorbent for enrichment CPs from water, honey, and white peach beverage samples.