Nuclear power development based on new concepts of nuclear reactors and associated fuel cycle president Putin's initiative

The paper discusses the reasons behind the unsuccessful attempt at deploying a thousand GW nuclear power in the 20th century. The authors argue that a large portion of global electricity demand and part of the need in heat can be met by a new nuclear technology satisfying safety and economic requirements of large-scale power production. Furthermore, such technology can be created without going too far from the expertise amassed in civil and military nuclear engineering. Large-scale nuclear power can be deployed around large nuclear power plants with fast reactors. The key requirements for reactor and fuel cycle technologies include efficient utilization of accumulated plutonium, significant (at least an order of magnitude) reduction of specific consumption of uranium, natural safety, deterministic prevention of accidents with large radioactive releases, balance between the radiation hazard of radioactive waste put in disposal and uranium mined from earth, proliferation resistance, lower cost of new NPPs as compared with modern LWRs. (author)