Precipitation of electrons and protons in the subauroral zone stimulated by ground-based VLF emitter

Electron and proton precipitation artificially stimulated by a powerful groundbased Soviet VLF-emitter (F = 19.1 kHz, L = 4.0), were detected in the subauroral zone during the ESSA experiment aboard the AUREOL-3 satellite at altitudes of 1500 - 2000 km in the MLT morning sector. The precipitation zone corresponded to the projection on the ionosphere of the ring current region (L = 2.8 to 3.6) and was displaced equatorward with respect to the location of the VLF-transmitter. The intensities of the artificial 0.1 - 2 keV electron fluxes ranged from 104 to 105 (cm2 sec ster keV-1) and those of the 60 - 220 keV protons from 1 to 100 (cm2 sec ster keV-1). The 1.8 keV electron bursts were delayed by about 1 sec with respect to the VLF pulses, and the 110 keV proton fluxes were delayed by about 3 - 5 sec. A comparison of the experimental results with theoretical estimates shows that both the Cerenkov and the cyclotron interaction mechanisms between ring current particles and VLF waves can account for the precipitating particles detected at AUREOL-3 altitudes