Synthesis, characterization and comparison of Li_1,05M_0,02Mn_1,98O₄ (M = Al³⁺ or + Ga³⁺) obtained by calcination in muffle and microwave

Due to the economic and environmental importance of using LiMn₂O₄ as cathode batteries, the goal of this work was to synthesize LiMn₂O₄ doped and undoped, comparing methods of calcination kiln and microwave. The precursors were obtained by Pechini method. The resulting samples were structurally characterized by XRD, morphology by SEM and area by B.E.T. XRD results were compared to card JCPDS 35-0782 regarding the pure LiMn₂O₄. The DRX results indicate that the calcination furnace was more efficient for obtaining doped oxides. However, the use of microwave was effective for rapid attainment of non-doped spinel close to those found for the pure spinel structural features. The surface area values confirm the existence of clusters and particles with nanometric features. Oxides synthesized in both procedures showed small, organized and highly crystalline particles, demonstrating the efficiency of the methodology and Pechini methods of calcination compared. (author)