ECR ion sources for radioactive ion beam production

ECRIS's dedicated to radioactive ion production must be as efficient as those used for production of stable elements, but in addition they are subject to more specific constraints such as radiation hardness, short atom-to-ion transformation time, beam purity and low cost. Up to now, different target/ion-source systems (TISSs) have been designed, using singly-charged ECRISs, multi-charged ion sources or an association of singly-to-multi-charged ECRISs. The main goals, constraints and advantages of different existing ECR setups will be compared before a more detailed description is given of the one designed for the SPIRAL II project and its future improvements. (authors)