Lead-bismuth spallation target design of the accelerator-driven test facility (ADTF)

A design methodology for the lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) spallation target has been developed and applied for the accelerator-driven test facility (ADTF) target. This methodology includes the target interface with the subcritical multiplier (SCM) of the ADTF and the different engineering aspects of the target design, physics, heat-transfer, hydraulics, structural, radiological, and safety analyses. Several design constrains were defined and utilised for the target design process to satisfy different engineering requirements and to minimise the time and the cost of the design development. Interface requirements with the subcritical multiplier were defined based on target performance parameters and material damage issues to enhance the lifetime of the target structure. Different structural materials were considered to define the most promising candidate based on the current database including radiation effects. The developed target design has a coaxial geometrical configuration to minimise the target footprint and it is installed vertically along the SCM axis. LBE is the target material and the target coolant with ferritic steel (HT-9 Alloy) structural material. The proton beam has 8.33 mA current uniformly distributed and 8.14 cm beam radius resulting in a current density of 40 μA/cm2. The beam power is 5 MW and the proton energy is 600 MeV. The beam tube has 10 cm radius to accommodate the halo current. A hemi-spherical geometry is used for the target window, which is connected to the beam tube. The beam tube is enclosed inside two coaxial tubes to provide inlet and outlet manifolds for the LBE coolant. The inlet and the outlet coolant manifolds and the proton beam are entered from the top above the SCM. The paper describes the design criteria, engineering constraints, and the developed target design for the ADTF. (authors)