Evolution of flow and transport conceptual models at the waste isolation pilot plant, 1978 to 1984

Flow and transport conceptual models have evolved as the result of interactions among specific model concepts, field studies, and numerical simulation studies. This paper examines major steps in that evolution process beginning with the relatively primitive models used in the original Environmental Impact Statement in the late 1970's. Major iterations in field testing and model revision have occurred over the past 15 years. This review illustrates the evolution from relatively little conscious consideration of underlying conceptual models to significant focus on the assessment of alternative conceptual models, both numerically and in the field. Major flow conceptual issues include degree and importance of flow confinement in the Culebra Dolomite and the existence and importance of long-term transients. A major transport conceptual issue is characterisation of the degree of fracture-matrix interaction in the transport process. (authors)