Electrodeposition of three-dimensional macro-/mesoporous Co₃O₄ nanosheet arrays as for ultrahigh rate lithium-ion battery

Three dimensional (3-D) macro-/mesoporous Co₃O₄ nanosheet arrays electrode is produced by annealing β-Co(OH)₂ nanosheet arrays electrodeposited on the 3D macroporous copper substrate which is prepared by electroless plating. As for anode of lithium-ion battery, it displays excellent electrochemical performance, such as high reversible capacity of 967 mAh/g in the first cycle at 0.2 A/g, excellent cycleability (The reversible capacity remains 840 mAh/g after 500 cycles at 1 A/g), and excellent high rate capacity (The reversible capacity at 20 A/g remains 38.0% of that of first cycle at 0.1 A/g). The excellent electrochemical performance can be attributed to its unique morphology. The macropores of 3D porous copper substrate, mesopores of Co₃O₄ nanosheets and open space between Co₃O₄ nanosheets can provide lithium-ion rapid transport channels, Co₃O₄ nanosheets directly grown on 3D porous copper substrate can provide electron rapid transport channels