Modernization of I and C: A stepwise learning process with a final vision

In spite of some political signals it is expected that the life time of nuclear power plants in the Nordic countries will be as designed for. As the economical life time of the I and C equipment is less than the corresponding life time of the plant a strategy for modernization of it must be developed. To modernize equipment during ongoing operation of the plant is not only a technical challenge but also a challenge to human relations. I will give a unique chance for the old generation, who built the plants, and the young generation, who have to modernize the plants, to discuss common problems and new ideas. The purpose of this paper is to summarize some important aspects which can be included in the content of the planned IAEA book. Furthermore some examples of modernization project in Sweden are given. (author)