Accelerator-driven neutron sources for materials research

Particle accelerators are important tools for materials research and production. Advances in high-intensity linear accelerator technology make it possible to consider enhanced neutron sources for fusion material studies (e.g. using the D-Li reaction) or as a source of spallation neutrons. Energy variability, uniformity of target dose distribution, target bombardment from multiple directions, time-scheduled dose patterns, and other features can be provided, opening new experimental opportunities. New designs have also been used to ensure hands-on maintenance on the accelerator in these factory-type facilities. Designs suitable for proposals such as the Japanese Energy-Selective Intense Neutron Source (ESNIT) (20-40 mA cw deuteron beam), and the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) (250 mA cw deuteron beam modules) are discussed. (orig.)