A novel holographic technique for strain and deformation measurement

A complete holographic system is presented after a description of the holographic measurement principle and of the fundamentals of three-dimensional deformation and dilatation analysis. The new holographic system permits quasi-simultaneous measurements from three extremely divergent directions. For this purpose, the object is illuminated and observed from each of three perspectives. To avoid perturbing interferences and Moire effects, the laser beam is split up into three beams which are no longer coherent with each other. In this way, three holograms are produced in various sections of a single holographic plate. The holograms for the three measurement directions are evaluated with the help of a computer (Phase-shift method). A picture rectification is effected to compensate for the distortion of the object's perspectives due to diverging directions of observation. The three-dimensional shifting components of the displacement vector are calculated for each point of the object's surface. The expansion of the object's surface is derived from these calculations, by means of differentiation. (orig./HP)