Microstructured switchable mirror for polar molecules

By miniaturizing electrode geometries high electric fields can be produced using modest voltages. A planar array of 20 μm wide gold electrodes, spaced 20 μm apart, is made on a sapphire substrate. A voltage difference of up to 350 V is applied to adjacent electrodes, generating an electric field that decreases exponentially with distance from the substrate. This microstructured array can be used as a mirror for polar molecules and can be rapidly switched on and off. This is demonstrated by retroreflecting a beam of state-selected ammonia molecules with a forward velocity of about 30 m/s