High penetration renewable generation within Australian isolated and remote power systems

Highlights: • High penetration renewable energy power systems using diesel engine were studied. • Annualised system behaviour was investigated for multiple isolated power systems. • The role of enabling technologies/methodologies was compared across case studies. • Battery storage rationalisation can effectively reduce system capital cost. • Advanced diesel technologies substitute for battery storage without major penalty. -- Abstract: Remote communities increasingly integrate renewable source generation to reduce the environmental and economic impact of diesel generation. Despite benefits scaling proportionally with the level of renewable penetration, most systems restrict renewable utilisation to below 30% of annual production. Identifying system complexity as a key barrier to renewable uptake, this paper investigates methodologies to simplify integration of high renewable penetrations. Three approaches are considered, via three Australian case studies; King Island, Tasmania (approach one), Flinders Island, Tasmania (approach two), and Rottnest Island, Western Australia (approach three). Approach one details a methodology for wind plus storage integration. Approach two details a methodology for wind, solar PV, plus storage integration. Approach three details a methodology for wind and solar PV integration, without storage. All approaches facilitate high renewable penetrations, with each island majority renewable supplied. Approach one benchmarks system performance, with King Island one of the worlds' earliest high penetration renewable islands. Approach two explores benefit via renewable diversification. Approach three investigates rationalisation of energy storage via low load diesel and demand management technology substitution. For approach three a 32% reduction in capital cost was observed, identifying commercial justification for the approach via deferral of energy storage integration.