On the formation and solubility of oxide layers on steel in hot water

The processes in the formation of oxide layers on steel in hot water in salt-free and saline water are shown depending on the temperature, pH value and oxygen content and the basis of magnetite solubility and groove roughness in salt-free hot water are dealt with. The data given in the literature are checked and extended by experiments. Experiments on the formation of oxide layers and groove roughness in salt-free water were carried out. The solubility of oxide layers was determined experimentally at different temperatures, pH values and oxygen contents, and so was the effect of dissolved oxygen on local corrosion in saline water and in softened drinking water. Systems of equations were derived for calculating the thickness of layers with time, based on chemical and physical models. With 122 figs., 26 tabs