Proton-lead nuclear reaction cross-section

Subcritical reactors driven by proton accelerators have been studied as transmutation systems. In those systems, the lack of neutrons is mitigated by the spallation reaction, using high-energy protons. Usually, lead is selected as the target nucleus to produce neutrons. Therefore, it is important to study the nuclear reaction between high-energy protons and lead nuclei in order to design such a transmutation system. Using the LAHET and XSEX codes, we calculated the differential production cross-sections of neutrons and protons when a high-energy proton hits a lead nucleus. The calculation models we used were the Bertini model and the ISABEL model. For the former, we investigated two cases in which the pre-equilibrium process was either taken into account or was not