The state control of radioecological danger of the sunken and scuttled nuclear objects on the sea bottom in Russian Federation

At the bottom of World ocean there is the significant number of underwater potentially dangerous objects (PDO): nuclear submarines; diesel submarines with nuclear weapon; solid radioactive waste; chemical weapon; petroleum and gas pipelines (including perspective); sunken ships with petroleum and other dangerous loads. For nuclear objects is developed a model for estimating the radioecological consequences of the release of radionuclides to the marine environment. The model is practically used at fulfilment of the program of researches on the sunken nuclear submarine Komsomolets'. Under orders of Ministry of extreme situations of Russia the experts from naval research institutes have carried out the analysis and expert estimation of potentially dangerous objects, being at the sea bottom and belonging to Russian Federation. The first turn of a databank about PDO is created. Classification of PDO on a degree of danger on three categories is developed: 1-(extremely dangerous), 11-(highly dangerous), 111-(middle dangerous). Offers on priorities of work on underwater potentially dangerous objects are reasonable. Is shown, that forwarding inspections of places of probable radioactive pollution in the Arctic seas and places of wreck of nuclear submarines 'K-8'(1960), 'K-219'(1986), 'K-27'(1968) are first of all expedient. Received data have allowed to prove necessity of development of the federal law about safety underwater potentially dangerous objects in the seas, international agreements concerning the control for similar objects. Is reasonable is necessary development the bills of Government of Russian Federation, in particular about the status about declaration of safety of underwater potentially dangerous objects and about the responsibility for these objects. The Ministry of extreme situations of Russia in 1999 has organized special commission with the representatives of all interested ministries for development of the coordinated approach to creation of the state register of underwater potentially dangerous objects. The purpose of a commission is coordination of work on a problem and development of the federal program of perspective work. On the basis of the register development of the Federal Program for the warning and liquidation of extreme situations with underwater potentially dangerous objects of Russian Federation is supposed. Necessity of creation and association of special forces and means for realization of measures on prevention of threat and liquidation of consequences of failures, connected with underwater potentially dangerous objects is certain. It is necessary to emphasize, that within the framework of the federal program of work of the Russian participants on the given problem the international projects of various scale can be offered, switching on especially research and regional, connected with investment activity, supposing international examination of the safety of the perspective projects and technologies. (author)