Operational characteristics and plasma measurements in cylindrical Hall thrusters

The cylindrical Hall thruster (CHT) is an attractive approach to achieve a long lifetime thruster operation especially in low power space applications. Because of the larger volume-to-surface ratio than conventional coaxial Hall thrusters, the cylindrical Hall thrusters are characterized by a reduced heating of the thruster parts and potential lower erosion. Existing CHTs can feature a short coaxial channel in order to sustain a high ionization in the thruster discharge. A 5.6 cm diameter cylindrical Hall thruster was developed and operated with and without a short coaxial region of the thruster channel, in the power range of 70-300 W. It is shown that the CHT without coaxial region can operate stable and achieve higher thrust efficiency, 22%-32% more than that with a coaxial region. Plasma probe measurements inside the thruster channel and ion energy measurements in the plasma plume suggest that the ionization/acceleration region in the CHT is located near the anode region where a radial magnetic field is stronger