Reactor analysis of copper indium selenization

This paper presents a preliminary process analysis of selenization of copper/indium (Cu/In) bilayers in a flowing H2Se reactor. The analysis includes evaluations of heat treatments of Cu/In bilayers and the relationship between the composition and structure of the bilayer and the resultant CuInSe2 film, and investigation of selenization reaction kinetics including comparisons between the reaction of H2Se with bilayers and with single copper and indium layers. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AA), as well as scanning electron (SEM) and optical microcopy have been used to study the selenization process. CuInSe2/(CdZn)S devices were also used to evaluate the quality of the CuInSe2 films. Devices with efficiencies greater than 10% have been fabricated