Numerical simulation of MIG type arc welding induced residual stresses and distortions in thin sheets of S235 steel

This paper investigates distortions and residual stresses which are induced in butt joint of thin plates using Metal Inert Gas welding. In fact, a distribution of heat flux is implemented in finite element simulation of the welding process. Thermo-elastic-plastic finite element methods are applied to modelling the thermal and mechanical behaviour of the welded plate during the welding process. Prediction of temperature variations and heat affected zone as well as longitudinal and transverse shrinkage, angular distortion, and residual stress are obtained. Comparisons are made between numerical and experimental results on out-of-plane displacements of steel assembly.