Trace Elements in Naphthides in Oil and Gas Basins

The distribution of trace elements, physical and chemical properties of the oil, and geological and geochemical features of oil formation in world oil and gas basins were studied. It was shown that hydrocarbon ontogenesis associated with deep tectonic transformations (geodynamic factor) controls not just the distribution of naphthides in the sedimentary cover, but also the diversity of their metallogenic specialization. The classification of oils from various ontogenesis zones is given in accordance with their enrichment in trace elements and with the metallogenic (vanadium or nickel) type. Oil characterized by large primary concentrations of trace elements of the main zone of oil formation and oil with low initial concentrations of trace elements in the zones of early generation are presented. Transformation of the oil composition in the areas of hypergenesis leads to their enrichment, whereas the oil of the catagenesis zone is depleted in trace elements.