Synthesis and characterization of Mg–Ti substituted barium hexaferrite (BaMg_0.6Ti_0.6Fe_10.8O₁₉) derived from millscale waste for microwave application

Mg–Ti substituted barium hexaferrite (BaMg_0.6Ti_0.6Fe_10.8O₁₉) nanoparticles prepared by using steel millscale waste have been investigated towards the structural, magnetic and microwave properties. The samples were prepared using high-energy ball milling technique with the hematite (Fe₂O₃) as the raw utilized and processed from millscale waste product. The peaks with a single phase hexagonal structure of BaMg_0.6Ti_0.6Fe_10.8O₁₉ are identified at 1000 °C revealed from X-ray diffraction analysis. Higher saturation magnetization, M_s, with high crystallinity was observed in the sample due to the enhancement of superexchange interaction within the sample. The best maximum reflection loss of − 22.59 dB at the frequency and bandwidth of 9.42 GHz and 0.14 GHz was achieved in sample sintered at 1000 °C.