Atmospheric stability classes and its effect on co concentration emission around Kirkuk refinery

Atmospheric stability defines as the atmospheric tendency to reduce or intensify vertical motion, in other words, suppress or enhance existing turbulence, thus atmospheric stability play important role in transport and dispersion of air pollutant. In This study relationship between air pollutant of CO gases in 2019 resulted from burning three types of fuels (fuel gas, gas oil, naphtha) in 8 production units inside Kirkuk refinery (located in north-east of Iraq), and atmospheric stability analysis in different directions to know the effect of atmospheric stability classes on the emission of CO poison gas. Atmospheric element such as wind speed, cloud amount and solar altitude used by the Turner method to calculate seven stability classes, these classes are compared with CO pollutant at a different distance from the source point. From samples taken from stacks and fuels burned in a refinery, emission rate and exist velocity from 11 stacks calculated and used to estimated CO gas by Gaussian equation for dispersion at two months (January, July) in 2019. The comparison values of the concentrations with the distances from the point source for January and July was carefully examined, as it was noticed that the concentrations during the month's classes B and F varieties in percent between January and July reach %120 - %170, while in the rest classes C, D, and G were close to 80% it decreases with the distance through (1000m– 10000m) by 81% - 59%, in Class A and E There is a difference in one of the two months. (paper)