Transport and transformation of pollutant in the Lake Michigan area

The transport and the transformation of pollutants emitted from the Milwaukee and Chicago areas were studied during August 1976, as part of the Multi-State Atmospheric Power Production Pollution Study (MAP3S). The experiments were conducted in approximately Lagrangian frames of reference with two instrumented aircraft and surface support units. The experiments showed that: ozone levels build up downwind of the area; sulfate concentrations are higher in the urban plume than those upwind, and progressively increase with distance from the source; significant concentrations of sulfate, probably associated with long-range transport of sulfur, are often detectable above the mixing layer; and vertical profiles of pollutants over the land and the lake show the effect of changing atmospheric stability on the transport of pollutants