Delayed consequences of nuclear tests on Semipalatinsk site

Data of delayed radiation influence on body of the man and animals are sited. Long-term observations of residents in the vicinity to the nuclear site show two-phase character of cardiovascular and the nervous systems pathological disturbances, which on 10 years outstripping the natural age shifts, e. g. premature growing old. One of the dangerous radiation injuries is development of malignant neoplasms. In comparing with 1957 now the mortality from cancer of different localization with Semipalatinsk city inhabitants grows up in to 2.5-3 times. Observations reveal that oncological illness and mortality from cancer sharply increase on 4-t h, 15-t h and 23-27-t h years after the tests realization. Average annual growth rate of mortality from malignant neoplasms of population irradiated in the result of nuclear test is higher in 40 %, than in control groups. Quantity of ills with leukemia increases in to 7 times in comparing with 1985. It is established that frequency chromosomal aberrations with indigenous inhabitants in 4-5 times higher than in the control groups. Principal reasons of the delayed radiation effects are as follows: significant lowering of immune system activity, cytogenetic disturbances, lowering of body radioresistance, metabolism disturbances and systems of adaptation regulation. Hemic examination of animals peripheral blood does not revealed changes typical to radiation pathology. Rate between increase of natural immunity and density of territory radiation contamination was established. So, rate of immunosuppression in zone of emergency risk made up 55 %, maximal - 25 %, and increased - 15 % in comparing with animals in zone of minimal radiation risk. The most distributed diseases with animal in this region is crystalline lens clouding