Preparation and biological distribution of some radiopharmaceutical compounds for human application

Application of radiopharmaceutical for diagnostic purposes in egypt has increased so rapidly in the last few yeas that now most of the organs of the body could be imaged or scanned using a wide range of radiopharmaceuticals. Technetium - 99m labelled compounds are considered as the most widely spread radiopharmaceuticals which find wide applications in the area of nuclear medicine for either dianostic or therapeutic purposes. Among the important types of radiopharmaceuticals used for diagnostic purposes are the technetium - 99m labelled compounds of human serum albumin (HSA) in all its physical forms. The main objective of this thesis is to elucidate and investigate the best conditions for the preparatiion of followings: 1 - Technetium - 99m HSA which is widely used for blood pool, cardiac and placenta scanning. 2 - Tecnetium 99m HSA microsphere which are used for lung perfusion imaging, regional blood flow, cerebral perfusion imaging and reticuloendothelial system structure and function. 3 - Technetium - 99m HSA macroaggregate which is used for perfusion scintigraphy of the lung that is accomplished by microembolization of radionuclide - labelled particales in the pulmonary arterial circulation. Such particulate material embolization causes a minor obstruction to pulmonary arterial blood flow, but this effect is almost never physiologically significant . the number of particles which impact in a particular volume of the lung is proposional to the pulmonary arterial blood flow to that reason. Perfusion scintigraphy thus provides a visual representation of the relative distribution of pulmonary blood flow at the time of MAA injection.In all the previous preparations transchelation technique has been utilized using different co-ligands to overcome the problem of low affinity of HSA to the reduced technetium - 99m. The aim was planned to be achieved in the folllowing three chapters where detailed studies on the factors affecting the preparation of technetium -99m HSA in its different physical forms via transchelation such: - Co - ligand content. - HSA content. - Tin (II) content. - Reaction time. - Ph value. - Pertechnetate eluate volume. - Also, the bio distribution of 99m Tc - HSA will be determined in mice organs.30 tabs., 20 figs.,129 refs