Octahedral-tetrahedral equilibria in aqueous cobalt (II) solutions at high temperatures

Evidence is presented to indicate that aqueous Co2+ exists as the hexaaquo-ion in equilibrium with minor amounts (upper limits 0.08% at 298 K, 7% at 625 K, at 16-25 MPa) of tetraaquocobalt(II), with ΔH approximately + 17 kJmol-1. The single visible absorption band of the supposed Co(H2O)42+ has maxima at 552 nm and 486 nm in the intensity ratio 2:1. Hydrogen sulfate ion (up to 0.5 M at least) does not Complex Co2+(aq) detectably in acidic media, 290-625 K, and sulfuric acid therefore holds promise as a non-complexing strong monobasic acid for high-temperature aqueous studies. In water containing 2.0 M or more Cl-, the tetrahedral form of cobalt(II) is CoCl42-,ΔH for the octahedral → tetrahedral equilibrium being +62 kJmol-1; for CoBr42-, the corresponding ΔH is +70 kJmol-1, the greater endothermicity accounting entirely for the lower stability relative to CoCl42-. (auth)