Basics of qualitative research methodology for techno-managerial studies

Techno-managerial studies help in understanding the processes of technological development and the resulting socio-economic outcome. Hence, techno-managerial studies could be considered as companion to technological development. This report throws light on the methodology of techno-managerial studies. While methodology is considered as theory of research, the individual techniques used are called research methods. Broadly, research methods are of three kinds – Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed-method. Generally, quantitative methods are used in natural sciences, and qualitative methods are used in sociological studies. Managerial studies are akin to sociological studies due to presence of human element. Hence managerial studies tend towards qualitative methods. Primarily, it is the nature of data that decides the research method to be used, apart from the nature of the topic. While quantitative data are in the form of numbers, qualitative data are in the form of transcripts of spoken words, documents and multimedia recordings. Accordingly, the methods of analysis are different for quantitative and qualitative data. While the votaries of quantitative methods might assume that the numbers say it all, those specializing in qualitative methods say that the interpretation of the situation of interest is richer, beyond the numbers. Both methods have their specific merits. Also in order to have the best of both, there is a third type called 'mixed method' . During the recent decades, techno-managerial research has been in increase in Indian research organizations. This report on qualitative methods is meant as a primer for use of scientists and engineers inclined towards research areas such as R&D management, knowledge management, human resources management, etc. A disclaimer is appropriate here that the ideas embodying this report are academic in nature and belong to the author of this report; but not to the organization as a whole. (author)