Toroid polarizabilities and the elastic scattering of photons by atomic hydrogen

In the framework of an exactly soluble case, that of a (nonrelativistic, spinless, ground-state) hydrogenlike atom, it is shown in a way unbiased by approximations that alongside with the usual (dipole and quadrupole) electric polarizabilities, and Langevin-type (dipole and quadrupole) magnetic polarizabilities, two other polarizabilities of a new type, called ''toroid'' (already introduced in previous work) are required in order to correctly establish the low energy behaviour of the Rayleigh amplitude to the fourth order in the photon's frequency. A longstanding puzzle in the understanding of the interconnection between quantum mechanical functions (polarizabilities) and the amplitude for the elastic scattering of photons by atoms is thereby, in principle, finally removed. (author). 8 refs