Martensitic transformation strain and stability of Ni 50−x –Ti 50–Co x (x =3,4) strips obtained by twin-roll casting and standard processing techniques

Highlights: • Twin Roll Casting microstructure yields low constraint between grains and high stability of the martensitic transformation. • Twin Roll Casting strip: the measured recoverable strain was 5.5%, with very low residual strain for loads below 90 MPa. • Standard Processing strip: the suitable austenitic texture for martensitic transformation is frustrated by the microstructure. • Standard Processing strip: a high value of residual strain (about 1.9 %) was induced in the first thermomecanical cycle. • Large recoverable deformation, low residual strain and stability make Twin Roll Casting strip suitable for actuator devices. The martensitic transformation properties (maximum strain, residual strain and transformation stability) of Ni_50−x–Ti₅₀–Co_x strips produced by twin-roll casting (TRC) and standard casting (SC) were compared. A complete microstructural characterization was carried out on both samples using optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS-SEM), X-Ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). According to the results obtained by DSC and load-biased thermal-cycling measurements, the TRC strip is more stable and has lower residual strain than the SC strip for loads below 90 MPa. Using the austenitic texture of each strip, the recoverable strain upper bounds of the martensitic transformation (Sachs' bound) were calculated. A comparison between the measured maximum recoverable strain and the Sachs' bound, allows us to discuss how the particular microstructures produced by the two production techniques affect the strip's shape memory properties.