An update on radiotracer development for molecular imaging of bacterial infections
Creators
- 1. Leiden University Medical Center, Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology (Netherlands)
- 2. Wageningen University & Research, Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences (Netherlands)
- 3. Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Parasitology and Department of Infectious Diseases (Netherlands)
Description
Background
Bacterial infections are still a major global healthcare problem. To combat the increasing antimicrobial resistance, early diagnosis of bacterial infections—including the identification of bacterial species—is needed to improve antibiotic stewardship and to help reduce the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. To aid successful targeted antibiotic treatment, specific detection and localisation of infectious organisms is warranted. Nuclear medicine imaging approaches have been successfully used to diagnose bacterial infections and to differentiate between pathogen induced infections and sterile inflammatory processes.Aim
In this comprehensive review we present an overview of recent developments in radiolabelled bacterial imaging tracers.
Methods
The PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase (OvidSP) literature databases were systematically searched for publications on SPECT and PET on specific imaging of bacterial using specific guidelines with MeSH-terms, truncations, and completion using cross-references. Tracers in literature that was extensively reviewed before 2016 were not included in this update. Where possible, the chemical structure of the radiolabelled compounds and clinical images were shown.
Results
In 219 original articles pre-clinical and clinical imaging of bacterial infection with new tracers were included. In our view, the highest translational potential lies with tracers that are specific to target the pathogens: e.g., 99mTc- and 68Ga-labelled UBI29–41, 99mTc-vancomycin, m-[18F]-fluoro-PABA, [methyl-11C]-D-methionine, [18F]-FDS, [18F]-maltohexaose and [18F]-maltotriose. An encouraging note is that some of these tracers have already been successfully evaluated in clinical settings.
Conclusion
This review summarises updates in tracer development for specific (pre-clinical and clinical) imaging of bacterial infections. We propsed some promising tracers that are likely to become innovative standards in the clinical setting in the near feature.
Additional details
Identifiers
Publishing Information
- Journal Title
- Clinical and Translational Imaging (Online)
- Journal Volume
- 7
- Journal Issue
- 2
- Journal Page Range
- p. 105-124
- ISSN
- 2281-7565
INIS
- Country of Publication
- Italy
- Country of Input or Organization
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- INIS RN
- 54088537
- Subject category
- S62: RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE;
- Descriptors DEI
- ANTIBIOTICS; INFECTIOUS DISEASES; INFLAMMATION; METHIONINE; NUCLEAR MEDICINE; PATHOGENS; POSITRON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY; RECOMMENDATIONS; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY; SPECTRA; TECHNETIUM 99; TRACER TECHNIQUES
- Descriptors DEC
- AMINO ACIDS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES; DISEASES; DRUGS; EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY; HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES; INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI; INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES; ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES; ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS; ISOTOPES; LIPOTROPIC FACTORS; MEDICINE; NUCLEI; ODD-EVEN NUCLEI; ORGANIC ACIDS; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS; PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES; RADIOISOTOPES; SYMPTOMS; TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES; TOMOGRAPHY; YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
Optional Information
- Copyright
- Copyright (c) 2019 The Author(s)