Structure-activity studies on 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists and activators

Four series of 1,4-dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel antagonists related to mifedipine were synthesized by a modified Hantzsch procedure to determine the effects of ester (C3 = CO2Me, C5 = CO2R) and phenyl (C4) substituents on pharmacological and radioligand binding ([H]nitrendipine) activities in guinea pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle. Two series of Ca2+ channel activator 1,4-dihydropyridines, BAY K 8644 (C3 = NO2, C5 = CO2Me) and CGP 28392 (C2,3 = lactone, C5 = CO2Me) were biochemically evaluated by inhibition of [3H]nitrendipine binding in guinea pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle membranes to establish fundamental structure-activity requirements. A homologous series of bis-1,4-dihydropyridines were synthesized, pharmacologically and biochemically evaluated in an attempt to explore the distribution of the 1,4-dihydropyridine receptor in guinea pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle membranes. Several potential affinity labels including ester substituted 3- and 4-fluorosulfonyl benzoyl and isothiocyanate derivatives were synthesized and evaluated by inhibition of [3H]nitrendipine binding