A modified Freundlich adsorption equation for modeling of ion exchange reactions in soils

In this work the authors converted the desired Langmuir equation into a modified Freundlich equation that extends the concentration of the solute to greater than trace quantities and also considers the competitive nature of ion exchange reactions. Data for the competitive adsorption of the solutes strontium, cesium and cobalt relative to calcium in a calcium-saturated Bandelier Tuff are applied to the modified Freundlich equation to demonstrate the equation's applicability. An interpretation of the numerical values of the empirical parameters for the three solutes is presented. Many mathematical relationships are used to qualify or describe the sorption of reactive solutes by soil