Cytoplasmic Ca2+ Dynamics under the Interplay between the Different IP3R Gating Models and the Plasma Membrane Ca2+ Influx

The cytoplasmic Ca oscillations are investigated under the effect of CRAC channels in non-excitable cells (especially in T cells). The oscillatory Ca2+ signals can be modulated as the amplitude-, frequency- and mixed amplitude-frequency modulation modes dependent on the different IP3R gating models. Bifurcation analyses show that Ca2+ signals in the single positive feedback loop model is a mixed modulation mode. In contrast, Ca2+ signals in the Mak–McBride–Foskett model demonstrates approximately the frequency modulation mode only with slight amplitude shifts. (general)