Effect of Surface Layer Damage on Acoustic Anisotropy

Relations for the principal values of the damage tensor based on data on the speeds of longitudinal and transverse waves are proposed. The relationship of acoustic anisotropy with the principal values of the damage tensor are established. The distributions of local speeds and damage along the thickness of the specimen are studied. It is shown that damage is localized in a narrow surface layer, with local damage maxima far exceeding the average damage value.