Studies of neutral beam power loss in stray magnetic fields

Reionization losses in neutral beams for magnetic confinement devices are significant and thus they are an important design consideration. This paper presents an overview of the analyses and data of the past ten years. Included is the traditional analysis, or Classical Effect, which considers the ion source and neutralizer as gas sources; the Culham Effect, which considers gas molecules knocked from walls as a significant additional gas source; and the PLT effect, which suggests wall outgassing is a significant additional gas source