Dilution, spacing and inclination effects of cascade showers in emulsion chambers

Emulsion chambers composed of lead plates and nuclear emulsion plates were exposed to mono-energetic electron beams at Fermilab. Some effects were studied on the shower development arising from geometrical spacing between lead and emulsion and from inclination of incident electron beams. The results are i) dilution effect is fairy well expressed by the theoretical curves which are specified by the dilution factor. ii) Spacing effect can not be expressed by a linear function of a gap between lead and emulsion only. iii) Inclination effect is well expressed by a correction of geometrical (elliptical) approximation