Plants for decomissionning

The causes of reactor shut-down and different variants of their conservation and dismantling are considered. The FRG plants already shuted-down or planned for decommissioning in the nearest years are enumerated. It is pointed out that in the nearest future throughout the world about 65 reactors must be shuted-down. These are in main research and experimental reactors with power up to 250 MW(e). The conclusion is drawn that under normal conditions reactors must be decommissioned after the end of their lifetime. Additional causes of reactor shut-down are operational low efficiency owing to increasing in difficulties and costs of component repair and maintenance, particularly the increase in radiation protection cost during repairs, inconformity to new or established after the reactor construction safety requirements which involve excessive expenses, reactor accident as a result of which its subsequent operation is impossible or unsuitable for safety as well as technical or economic reasons