Instantons in QCD with many colors

We study instantons in QCD with many colors. We first discuss a number of qualitative arguments concerning the large Nc scaling behavior of a random instanton ensemble. We show that most hadronic observables are compatible with standard large Nc counting rules provided the average instanton size is O(1) and the instanton density is O(Nc) in the large Nc limit. This is not the case for the topological susceptibility and the mass of the η'. For these observables consistency with conventional large Nc counting requires that fluctuations in the instanton liquid are suppressed compared to Poissonian fluctuations. Using mean field estimates and numerical simulations we show that the required scaling behavior of the instanton density is natural in models in which the instanton density is regularized in terms of a classical repulsive core. We also show that in these models fluctuations of the topological charge are suppressed and that mη'2=O(1/Nc). We conclude that the instanton liquid model is not necessarily in conflict with the 1/Nc expansion