Investigation of Zr 3d-roentgenoelectronic spectra in zirconium compounds with a different type of a chemical bond

Binding energies of Zr 3d- electrons are determined for a wide range of zirconium-containing compounds. The compounds studied are classified into 3 groups: these with a metallic, ionic and intermediate type of the bond. No direct dependence for the binding energy of Zr 3d electrons and the effective charge on a zirconium ion is found for compounds with an intermediate type of the bond, which include zirconium oxides