Hexagonal nanotubes of ZnS by chemical conversion of monocrystalline ZnO columns

Monocrystalline ZnO columns grown in electrodeposition were converted to ZnS using ion exchange reactions in H2S or S vapor. At ∼400 degreeC the reaction with H2S only affects a thin layer of 10 - 30 nm thickness at the surface of the ZnO crystallites, and ZnS-coated ZnO columns are produced. Exploiting the large difference in etch resistance between ZnS and ZnO, the ZnO core of the columns can be removed, and a tubular structure of ZnS can be prepared. Typical dimensions of the ZnS tubes are a length of 1 - 3 μm, a diameter of 100 - 300 nm, and a wall thickness of 10 - 30 nm. The ZnS tubes have the same distribution, alignment, and surface morphology as the original ZnO columns. The reaction in S vapor is suitable to produce solid ZnS columns. [copyright] 2001 American Institute of Physics