Environmental management of mangrove ecosystems. An approach for the Colombian case

The aim of the present documental investigation is to analyze the published information on the current state of mangrove ecosystems and its management. A categorical system was established in order to facilitate the analysis of the compiled information. Firstly, the socioeconomic and biological importance of mangrove ecosystems is examined. The causes of environmental degradation of mangroves are analyzed. Four groups of causes were identified: global climate change, urban development, over exploitation of resources and land use changes. Likewise, the effects of the environmental degradation of the mangroves are classified into three groups: biological function deterioration, loss of consumable and not consumable goods and services. Additionally, the environmental management actions carried out in mangroves are analyzed, which implies, on one hand the normativity (both national and international) and on the other, the implemented management strategies. From the categorical analysis tendencies, gaps and ambiguities of the information compiled are identified. Finally, some useful conclusions and recommendations for future management of mangrove ecosystems are presented.