Geochemistry Exploration

The geochemistry exploration uses direct methods to determine the presence of accumulations of hydrocarbons. Most of the big discoveries of hydrocarbons in the world were carried out with base in superficial manifestations (springs) and it is considered that with base in this direct evidence has been discovered more oil and gas that with any other prospecting technique. The springs and micro-escapes of oil and gas in the terrestrial surface and marine funds are the result of the vertical migration of hydrocarbons from the ores until the surface. The superficial expressions of the escapes of hydrocarbons appear as halos with the biggest concentrations in the limit of the accumulation. The hydrocarbons are generated starting from the organic material by biogenic and thermo-catalytic processes, it are the light products as the gases those that have the biggest easiness for migration and to arrive to the surface. The geochemistry prospecting non alone uses the information of the contained gases in the floor, it also uses a series of secondary indicators as: the presence of microorganisms that consume hydrocarbons, the magnetic susceptibility of diagenic magnetic minerals, the radiometry with base in the presence of uranium in ambient both reducers and oxidizers, the electromagnetic induction on mineralization anomalies, the laser remote spectrometry of the gas aureoles, the satellite images for detection of anomalies, the thermoluminescence of the flow of gamma rays near to surface and the radar for the detection of superficial propane