Testicular vein syndrome: Review of the literature and recent case report

Purpose: To perform a systematic review of cases published about the extremely rare entity of testicular vein compression on ureter with resultant hydroureteronephrosis and addition of a new case of left side testicular vein syndrome. Materials and method: A search of English-language literature through Google Scholar and Pub Med was performed up to December 2016, besides; references of all identified case reports were reviewed. Results and conclusion: Based on this review of the literature only seven cases have been reported in English-language journals until December 2016 and the author present the 8th case. Four of the cases involved the right side and four the left side (Including the present case). In three cases, pathologically altered testicular vein resulted in obstructive uropathies, while in remaining five cases; the normal testicular vein was indenting over the ureter anteriorly at the crossing point