A Monte Carlo and Experimental Tool for Activation Calculations in High Energy X-Rays Irradiation Process

X-ray photons produced by electron accelerator are increasingly used for industrial irradiation. More penetrating than electrons, easier to manage than radioactive sources, X-rays are very interesting for various processes such as sterilization. But the question of the maximum energy that can be used without risk has been open for many years and is currently being debated worldwide. Using energies higher than 5 MeV would certainly improve the DUR (Dose Uniformity Ratio) while reducing the cost of utilization. However, it is essential to take into account the risk of photonuclear activation, which can lead to the production of radioactive nuclei. These nuclear processes can occur both in the irradiation room (walls, supports), the accelerator components and the irradiated object. The issue of the maximum irradiation energy thus requires being able to assess with high precision the total quantity of radioactivity produced during a given industrial process, as well as the corresponding risks in terms of radiation protection of workers and populations. (author)