Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), and Zinc (Zn) levels in commercial and non-commercial fishes in the Blanakan River Estuary, Indonesia: A preliminary study

Highlights: • The sequencing of metals concentration in surface water was Zn > Cd > Cu • Generally, the fishes contaminated by heavy metals. • All of fishes' species in the Blanakan River Estuary has low potential as bioindicator organisms. • All of fishes' species in the Blanakan River Estuary does not represent a health risk if consumed. • The most recommended fish species for consumption is Lutjanus russelli. • The monitoring of metal accumulation in consumption fish in the Blanakan River Estuary is required. The Blanakan River Estuary, located on the northern coast of West Java, receives heavy metals from anthropogenic activities nearby. This study investigates Cu, Cd, and Zn metals in water and their accumulation in fish (commercial and non-commercial). The samples (water and fish) were collected from seven sampling stations. The metals concentration in the surface water of the Blanakan River Estuary has exceeded the limit allowed by the Indonesian government. The average metal concentration sequence in commercial and non-commercial fish was Zn > Cu > Cd. In general, it was found that the concentration of Zn and Cd (Cu) metals in fish had (had not) exceeded the limits allowed by the FAO/WHO. Based on Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) value, all of fishes species have a low ability to accumulate heavy metals (BCF <1000). Based on Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), all fish species have a low risk for health, both for adult and children.