Facile preparation of porous LiFePO₄/C composite granules by mechanical process

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) which is a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries requires particle size reduction, carbon coating and granulation to improve its electrochemical performances and increase the energy densities. In addition, their composite granules desire a porous structure in order to assist the penetration of liquid electrolyte. Here, we report a facile preparation of porous LiFePO₄/C composite granules by a mechanical method using an attrition-type mill. By the mechanical treatment of starting materials, LiFePO₄/C composite granules with an average pore size of 20–30 nm were synthesized in one-step process without atmosphere control and external heating. This simple mechanical technique does not require additional pore forming agents. According to the cell tests, a favorable cycle performance was exhibited. - Highlights: • Porous LiFePO₄/C composite granule was synthesized by one-pot mechanical process. • LiFePO₄ was formed without atmosphere control and external heating. • Gases released from raw materials act as pore forming agents. • A favorable cycle performance was exhibited