Particle simulation for direct plasma injection in a radio frequency quadrupole matching section

We have been investigating direct plasma injection scheme (DPIS) for high-intensity heavy-ion beam acceleration. In the DPIS, laser-produced plasma is directly injected into a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) linac. To study the beam dynamics of the ion injection in the DPIS, we tracked particle motions in the RFQ matching section using three-dimensional particle-in-cell method. As a result of the numerical simulation, we found that the electrostatic field generated by the extraction electrode reduces the transmission efficiency. To avoid the radially defocusing force, the input beam into the RFQ has to be initially convergent. In the DPIS, further optimization of the plasma density is required for better matching.