Synthesis of Ceramics Based on Titanium, Zirconium, and Hafnium Nitrides

A review of the most common synthesis methods of highly dispersed powders of metal nitrides of titanium subgroup is given. It is shown that the dispersion and scattering of particle size, powder form, and composition of their surface determine the results of the sintering. The comparative evaluation of advantages and limitations of the realized processes based on different approaches to the activation of sintering original powder materials and the possibility of unconventional technology of nitride ceramics based on the complete nitriding of three-dimensional samples (metals or nonstoichiometric nitrides) of a given shape, taking into account dimensional changes in the process of complete nitriding, are presented. Promising directions in this area of study are identified. The bibliography includes 132 references.