Radionuclide sorption on low-exchange capacity Hanford site soils

Trace Distribution Coefficients (Kd values) for 134Cs, 85Sr, and 60Co sorption were found to be a function of sediment type (soil type) and of the solution concentration of macroions including NA+, K+, and Ca+2 over wide macroion concentration ranges. These Kd value functions are required as input sorption parameters to a mass transport model. Four methods were evaluated for measuring the Kd value macroion functional relationships for each sediment type. Precision, bias, and cost effectiveness were compared for choosing a preferred method. The prefered method, an empirical-statistical method (Box-Behnken method), was found to be as precise and unbiased as the other methods and the most cost effective. 12 references, 7 figures, 10 tables